How to improve the functioning of people with disabilities?

The absence of architectural barriers and the creation of spaces that allow free movement, independent functioning and conscious use are the main goals of those involved in universal design. At the same time, all equipment and spaces should be fully accessible to people with various dysfunctions. In the context of people with visual disabilities, a huge convenience is printing for the blind. The concept of universal design is based on the idea that the surrounding environment should benefit all members of society, regardless of whether they have any dysfunctions or limitations. This, in turn translates into equal and equitable access to space, i.e. all goods and services, with particular attention to the needs of people with disabilities.

• At the same time, it should be noted that according to the mentioned concept, it is not about specialized design or adaptation of the environment, rather, it is about creating an environment that meets the basic needs of all users and does not require the implementation of special solutions.

The concept is based on seven principles. The first is fair use, this translates into the usefulness and attractiveness of a given esign for all individuals, regardless of their abilities. The second is flexibility of use, which means taking into account individual abilities and preferences. Next we have simple and intuitive operation, noticeable information (for example, printing for the blind), fault tolerance, i.e. minimizing risks and negative effects, and designing for minimal effort. The last principle is the right size space, ensuring that it can be used to its full potential, regardless of the user's mobility.

What else is worth knowing about designing buildings for the blind?

To ensure that visually impaired people do not have to fear architectural barriers and fully realize their rights, the minimum dimensions of the gauge, that are necessary for mobility with an assistance dog are 110 cm. For people with a white cane, on the other hand, it is 90 cm.

As for furnishings that make it easier to orient oneself in a given building, among other things, tiflographic plans are used, containing print for the blind. These should be located immediately at the entrance to the building, reflecting its space. Also necessary are tactile paths, descriptions in alphabet Braille, a legend, and an indication of where the person is currently located. Tactile information must be permanently affixed, without the possibility of moving them. Another indispensable element is the wayfinding system, which consists of marking places, the introduction of handrails and markings using print for the blind.

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